Implementation of IoT‐Based Smart Real-Time Monitoring of Library Seat Availability in Kano Municipal LGA, Kano State
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Background of the study:
University libraries are critical hubs for academic research and study, yet managing seating capacity in these facilities can be challenging, especially during peak examination periods. In Kano Municipal LGA, traditional methods of monitoring library seat availability—such as manual headcounts or static digital displays—often fail to provide accurate, real-time information to users. An IoT‐based smart real-time monitoring system can address these challenges by utilizing sensors installed in seating areas to continuously track occupancy levels (Ibrahim, 2023). The system collects data in real time and transmits it to a centralized platform where it is processed and displayed on digital interfaces and mobile applications. This allows students to check available seats before entering the library, reducing congestion and saving time. In addition, the system can analyze usage patterns to help library administrators optimize space utilization and improve facility planning (Adeniyi, 2024). By automating seat monitoring, the IoT-based solution reduces the need for manual intervention and ensures that up-to-date information is always available. Moreover, real-time data can inform decisions regarding library hours and resource allocation, ultimately enhancing the academic experience and fostering a more conducive environment for learning (Udo, 2025). As student populations grow and campus resources become increasingly strained, the adoption of smart monitoring systems is essential for improving operational efficiency and user satisfaction in university libraries.
Statement of the problem:
Traditional methods for monitoring library seat availability in Kano Municipal LGA are inefficient and often inaccurate, leading to frustration among students and underutilized space (Ibrahim, 2023). Manual counting and static displays do not reflect real-time occupancy, resulting in students arriving to find limited seating options. This inefficiency disrupts study schedules and creates unnecessary congestion, particularly during high-demand periods such as exams. The lack of real-time data also hampers library management’s ability to make informed decisions regarding space allocation and facility improvements (Adeniyi, 2024). Financial constraints and the absence of advanced technological solutions further complicate the situation, leaving libraries unable to adapt to changing usage patterns. Without an automated, IoT-based monitoring system, the library’s seating capacity remains poorly managed, adversely affecting the academic environment and overall student satisfaction. The need for a dynamic solution that can continuously track seat occupancy and provide real-time updates is critical to addressing these challenges and optimizing resource utilization (Udo, 2025).
Objectives of the study:
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To design an IoT-based system for real-time monitoring of library seat occupancy.
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To evaluate the system’s impact on reducing congestion and improving user satisfaction.
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To propose strategies for integrating the system with existing library management practices.
Research questions:
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How effective is the IoT-based system in accurately tracking real-time library seat availability?
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What improvements in space utilization and user convenience are observed after implementation?
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How can the system be integrated with current library management practices to enhance operational efficiency?
Significance of the study:
This study is significant as it provides a modern, technology-driven solution for managing library seating in university campuses. By enabling real-time monitoring and data-driven decision-making, the system enhances space utilization, reduces student frustration, and improves overall academic experience. The findings will benefit library administrators and support the development of smart campus initiatives.
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to the design and evaluation of an IoT-based smart real-time monitoring system for library seat availability in Kano Municipal LGA, Kano State. It does not extend to other campus facilities or regions.
Definitions of terms:
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IoT (Internet of Things): A network of interconnected devices that provide real-time data.
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Real-Time Monitoring: The continuous observation and reporting of data as events occur.
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Library Seat Availability: The number of unoccupied seats available in a library.
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